Kinship and Y-Chromosome Analysis of 7th Century Human Remains: Novel DNA Extraction and Typing Procedure for Ancient Material

摘要

Aim To develop novel DNA extraction and typing procedurefor DNA identification of the 7th century human remains,determine the familiar relationship between theindividuals, estimate the Y-chromosome haplogroup, andcompare the Y-chromosome haplotype with the contemporarypopulations.Methods DNA from preserved femur samples was extractedusing the modified silica-based extraction technique.Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performedusing human identification kits MiniFiler, Identifiler,and Y-filer and also laboratory-developed and validated Ychromosomeshort tandem repeat (STR) pentaplexes withshort amplicons.Results For 244A, 244B, 244C samples, full autosomal DNAprofiles (15 STR markers and Amelogenin) and for 244D,244E, 244F samples, MiniFiler profiles were produced. Ychromosomehaplotypes consisting of up to 24 STR markerswere determined and used to predict the Y-chromosomehaplogroups and compare the resulting haplotypeswith the current population. Samples 244A, 244B, 244C,and 244D belong to Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b andthe samples 244E and 244F to haplogroup G2a. Comparisonof ancient haplotypes with the current populationyielded numerous close matches with genetic distancebellow 2.Conclusion Application of forensic genetics in archaeologyenables retrieving new types of information and helpsin data interpretation. The number of successfully typedautosomal and Y-STR loci from ancient specimens in thisstudy is one of the largest published so far for aged samples.